in this article Lucy P. Musonda, Legal Researcher at the Centre for Trade Policy and Development, examines the state of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) integration in Zambia’s investment landscape. It highlights how Zambia’s current ESG regulations—though present across various laws—remain fragmented and poorly coordinated, undermining sustainable growth and investor confidence. The piece argues for a unified national ESG framework to align Zambia with global standards, strengthen accountability, protect communities, and attract responsible investment.